Euro Looks Set to Win Race to the Bottom

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By Kenneth Rogoff

Published: January 12 2011 15:33 | Last updated: January 12 2011 15:33

Currency movements are notoriously difficult to explain, much less predict. Even so, 2010 was an exceptionally tough year. Foreign exchange participants were forced to divine idiosyncratic and conflicting policymaker preferences, to interpret rare events such as Europe's sovereign debt woes, and to understand obscure policy instruments such as quantitative easing.

The euro/dollar rate, for example, fell from $1.45 to $1.20 in the first half of 2010, only to rise again to over $1.40 in November, before briefly dropping below $1.30 again in its current swoon. Some of this volatility can be ascribed to shifting growth data across the Atlantic. But other less concrete factors, such as Europe's bogus bank stress tests and investor unease with the Fed's quantitative easing, seemed to play a larger role. Whenever the favoured market explanation of a big exchange rate movement is "the Chinese are buying", one has to wonder whether exchange rates have any anchor in long-term macroeconomic fundamentals.

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