5 Universal Laws Of Human Stupidity

In 1976, a professor of economic history at the University of California, Berkeley published an essay outlining the fundamental laws of a force he perceived as humanity's greatest existential threat: Stupidity. Stupid people, Carlo M. Cipolla explained, share several identifying traits: they are abundant, they are irrational, and; they cause problems for others without apparent benefit to themselves The result is that “stupidity” lowers society's total well-being and there are no defenses against stupidity. According to Cipolla: “The only way a society can avoid being crushed by the burden of its idiots is if the non-stupid work even harder to offset the losses of their stupid brethren.”